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Nov 3, 2023 4:43 pm PST | Updated Nov 3, 2023 4:47 pm PST
CALIFORNIA California recorded its fifth influenza death of the fledgling flu season this week, but it's another virus raising alarms for health officials up and down the state.
Respiratory syncytial virus infections better known as RSV is unusually active for this time of year. Infections across the state are up and three RSV deaths have been recorded so far. Health officials expect cases to increase in the coming weeks.
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Current RSV activity "is more similar to activity seen later in November and December, compared to seasons prior," a California Department of Public Health spokesperson told Patch. "RSV activity has been starting earlier than usual during the past three RSV seasons."
It's a worrisome post-pandemic trend that could portend another vicious cold and flu season particularly for the very young and very old, for whom RSV is most deadly.
The first vaccines licensed in the U.S. to protect against RSV were approved earlier this year. The immunizations are recommended for those 60 and older or pregnant. There is a more limited supply available for infants and toddlers, according to state health officials.
"As with all immunizations, CDPH encourages individuals to check with their healthcare provider to determine which are available for them and their families," CDPH said.
In the Meantime, flu cases across the state remain minimal or low, though deaths and infections have increased slowly but steadily in recent weeks.
Of the five flu deaths so far this season in California, four were people 65 or older. One person was between 50 and 64 years old, according to CDPH data released Friday.
The CDC recommends annual flu vaccines for everyone over the age of 6. It's best to get them in September or October, but if you haven't gotten a shot yet, you should still get one, the CDC said.
The makeup of the flu vaccine varies annually, which means some years' vaccines are more effective against the year's strains than others.
"There is evidence that this years flu vaccine will be a strong match for circulating strains," the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health said in a statement.
In the Southern Hemisphere where the winter flu season just ended the vaccine reduced the risk of flu-associated hospitalizations by 52 percent, according to the CDC. Health officials say that bodes well for the vaccine's effectiveness in the Northern Hemisphere.
And as flu and RSV cases pick up, the CDPH say COVID-19 cases have decreased in recent weeks. But especially because cases typically increase in the winter, officials are urging Californias to get an updated booster shot.
"We encourage Californians to boost their immunity now by getting vaccinated or boosted in preparation for a potential increase in winter cases like we saw last year. Immunization prevents serious illness, including hospitalization and death," CDPH said.
[New York, November 2023] An insightful market analysis report focusing on the Flu Vaccination Market has just been released by StatsNData, serving as a valuable resource for both industry leaders and newcomers. This comprehensive report offers a detailed exploration of the global Flu Vaccination market and its subsegments, providing revenue forecasts and strategic insights that can drive business success in the coming years in pharma-healthcare Industry.
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In addition to answering these critical questions, the report offers a forward-looking perspective, providing insights into the future trajectory of the Flu Vaccination market. It equips decision-makers with the knowledge needed to navigate the markets evolution during the forecasted period effectively.
Some of the major companies influencing this Flu Vaccination market include:
Sanofi CSL GSK Viatris AstraZeneca Hualan Bio Changchun Institute of Biological Sinovac BCHT Jiangsu GDK KM Biologics
This Flu Vaccination research report sheds light on the major market players who are thriving in the market. Track business strategy, financial status and upcoming products.
This report caters to a wide audience, from industry experts seeking insights into the dynamic Flu Vaccination market to newcomers looking for guidance. Customization options are available to ensure the reports relevance to your specific needs.
Flu Vaccination The regional scope of the market is mostly mentioned in the region-focused report.
North America South America Asia Pacific Middle East and Africa Europe
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Flu Vaccination Market Segmentation Analysis
The market is segmented on the basis of categories such as type, product, and end user. This segmentation makes it possible to provide an accurate description of the market.
Flu Vaccination Market segmentation : By Type
6 Months to 3 Years Above 3 Years
Flu Vaccination Market Segmentation: By Application
Trivalent Influenza Vaccine Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine
Key Questions Addressed in this Report:
Conclusion
Embrace data-driven decision-making with our comprehensive Flu Vaccination market research report. Its your roadmap to navigate the ever-changing market landscape and position your business for success.
Table Of Content
Chapter 1 Flu Vaccination Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Flu Vaccination
1.2 Flu Vaccination Market Segmentation by Type
1.3 Flu Vaccination Market Segmentation by Application
1.4 Flu Vaccination Market Segmentation by Regions
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Flu Vaccination (2018-2029)
Chapter 2 Global Economic Impact on Flu Vaccination Industry
2.1 Global Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
2.2 Global Macroeconomic Environment Analysis by Regions
Chapter 3 Global Flu Vaccination Market Competition by Manufacturers
3.1 Global Flu Vaccination Production and Share by Manufacturers (2019 to 2023)
3.2 Global Flu Vaccination Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2019 to 2023)
3.3 Global Flu Vaccination Average Price by Manufacturers (2019 to 2023)
3.4 Manufacturers Flu Vaccination Manufacturing Base Distribution, Production Area and Product Type
3.5 Flu Vaccination Market Competitive Situation and Trends
Chapter 4 Global Flu Vaccination Production, Revenue (Value) by Region (2018-2023)
4.1 Global Flu Vaccination Production by Region (2018-2023)
4.2 Global Flu Vaccination Production Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
4.3 Global Flu Vaccination Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
4.4 Global Flu Vaccination Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
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US workers ill with influenza or COVID-19 were less likely to work onsite than those with other acute respiratory infections (ARIs) after the pandemic than before, concludes a study led by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) researchers.
For the study, published yesterday in Emerging Infectious Diseases, the researchers analyzed data from participants in the seven-state US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network who had ARIs from 2018 to 2022.
Participants, who were aged 19 to 64 years, completed a follow-up survey 1 or 2 weeks after enrollment and were asked about their health and work. Network sites were located in Michigan, Pennsylvania, Texas, Washington, California, Wisconsin, and Tennessee.
During the pre-COVID flu seasons, 1,245 people had confirmed flu and 2,362 had other ARIs. During the pandemic, 114 people had flu, 1,888 had COVID-19, and 2,523 had other ARIs. Among those with any ARI, 82.6% with flu, 61.4% with COVID-19, and 49.6% with other ARIs reported having fever.
Of all participants, 14.0% had worked only remotely before illness, 18.5% had hybrid experience, and 67.5% had worked onsite only.
On the third day of illness, 18.5% of participants worked remotely during the pandemic, compared with 8.8% before. In prepandemic flu seasons, 64.4% of workers with flu and 40.3% of with other ARIs worked offsite. Amid the pandemic, 66.7% of employees with COVID-19 and 48.3% with other ARIs didn't go to work.
Hybrid and remote work policies might reduce workplace exposures and help control spread of respiratory viruses.
Relative to employees without hybrid work experience, those who worked remotely were significantly more likely to telework, an effect more pronounced amid COVID-19 than during prepandemic flu seasons. In contrast, workers who had worked only onsite were more likely to not work at all on their scheduled days.
Employees with COVID-19 or flu were less likely to go to work than people with other ARIs. Few people who tested positive for COVID-19 by the second or third day of symptoms worked onsite.
"Hybrid and remote work policies might reduce workplace exposures and help control spread of respiratory viruses," the authors wrote.
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The BA.1 subvariant of Omicron was responsible for the initial Omicron outbreaks around the world. However, BA.1 has been quickly replaced by BA.2 within months, and later by BA.4 and BA.5 (BA.4/5). As of early September 2023, the subvariants of Omicron are circulating, including EG.5, XBB.1.5, and XBB.1.16, and are considered the dominant nationwide. Subsequently, these characteristics of Omicron affect how it spreads and responds to treatments and vaccinations [28,29,30].
In early December 2021, the first case of Omicron was reported in Saudi Arabia with a highly transmissible nature and risk of immune evasion. However, since the beginning of COVID-19 in early March 2020, the government in Saudi Arabia implemented a comprehensive response to prevent the pandemic surge involving travel restrictions, lockdowns of schools and universities, and suspension of attendance, followed by a complete curfew. Moreover, the Umrah was suspended, and the booking of Hajj was restricted to local COVID-19 recovered cases [31,32,33].
We conducted a cohort study including 14,103 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 living in KSA, aiming to estimate the distribution of Omicron variant in different regions of Saudi Arabia and to determine the effectiveness of different types of vaccines with the Omicron variant. In the current study, 59.48% were fully vaccinated (>7days after of two or more doses), 13.12% were partially vaccinated (>14days after first dose through day 7 after second dose), and 27.40% were unvaccinated (days from cohort entry until receipt of first vaccine dose) [26]. Unvaccinated individuals were significantly younger than the vaccinated and partially vaccinated population with p<0.001, as well the largest proportion of the unvaccinated group were non-Saudi with p<0.001.
The high coverage of COVID-19 vaccination among the Saudi population is translated to the effort of the government in implementing a ranged distribution plan for vaccination targeting the largest size of the population of each city, prioritizing cities of high population as the capital Riyadh, followed by Jeddah, Dammam, Madinah, and Makkah. [34].
In the present study, simple and multiple logistic regression is used to study the association between vaccination status and ICU admission while controlling for age and gender. In unvaccinated participants were 2.7 times higher of being admitted to the ICU compared to the fully vaccinated participants. This is in line with a study published recently they found hospitalization rates were 10.5 times higher in unvaccinated persons and 2.5 times higher in vaccinated persons with no booster dose [35]. However, some studies found the protection against Omicron depends on the type of vaccine, in a large cohort research in Singapore involving over 2.5 million people aged 30 or older. These data demonstrate that booster mRNA vaccine protection against severe COVID-19 was persistent over six months independent of vaccine combination, and 3-dose of inactivated vaccine type gave more protection than 2-dose but less protection than 3-dose mRNA [36].
Also, Cox regression is conducted to see the effect of number of doses on ICU admission while adjusted for age and gender. We found that the HR for ICU admission is increased when the age is increased. Similar results have been observed in previous literature they found those under 40years old represent a small proportion of the total number of most severe COVID-19 cases in Europe [37]. Our finding found that there is no difference between males and females in regard to ICU admission. In contrast, an early finding revealed that men are more at risk for a worse outcome [38].
At the same time, the risk of admission to the ICU is decreased with a higher number of doses. This analysis shows that the booster and two doses effectively reduce the risk of ICU admission due to Omicron infection, compared to one dose by 91% and 43%, respectively. This finding is similar to the Qatari study, they found that booster is effective by 76.5% (95% CI, 55.9%-87.5%) against Omicron-related hospitalization and death [16].
We also studied the distribution of the Omicron variant across different regions of Saudi Arabia. The first conducted study for Omicron-infected patients was in a single medical center in Saudi Arabia. This was achieved by AlBahrani et al., showing that the rate of hospitalization (14%) was lower than previously reported in the first and second wave of COVID-19. Nonetheless, the hospitalization rate was inversely correlated with the number of vaccination doses with least admission (5.4%) among fully vaccinated patients. They reported a rate of ICU admission 3.5% and 2% mechanical ventilation rate [1].
In the current study, the vaccination status was significantly different in different regions as the highest proportion of fully vaccinated participants inhabited Tabouk with 71.8% followed by Asir region with 64% then the Eastern region with 62.8% of its population.
Regarding Omicron infection, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah had the highest number of cases followed by Riyadh region, then Makkah Al-Mokarramah region. It is worth mentioning that during the study period (Jan 2022- Jun 2022), Saudi Arabia has lifted all COVID-19 restrictions on Hajj and Umrah for local and international pilgrims. The announcement was made after the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah released Ramadan 2022 Operational Plan of the two holy mosques [39]. This might explain the highest number of cases, especially in Al-Madinah and Makkah.
The disparity in ICU among regions may include several factors; the literature indicates the association between socio-demographic factors and variations in COVID-19 outcomes. Likewise, many studies have reported the relationship between comorbidities and severe COVID-19 [40,41,42]. For example, the fact that Najran had the highest rate of ICU admission could relate to advanced age and comorbidities such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), cardiovascular disease, and obesity, which was discussed previously in a national study [43]. Whereas demographics factors and comorbidities are related to regional variation, other factors, such as disparities in income, access to healthcare resources, education levels, and overall population health, are associated with the COVID-19 outcome in different regions [44,45,46].
One of the limitations in this study is the data was only limited to the samples received by PHA as a part of surveillance. Also, the assessment of differences in behavior or adherence to the COVID-19 precautions are unaccounted among vaccination groups in this study. For example, those who were unvaccinated may be less likely to wear a mask or take precautions. So, this could either lead to overestimation or underestimation. However, this limitation is minimized because of the high willingness and rate of vaccination in Saudi Arabia.
To eliminate confounders, we adjusted for age and sex, but we did not account for other factors that may have influenced the outcomes, such as comorbidity, obesity, smoking and occupation. However, given the studys observational nature, residual confounding remains possible despite adjustment for several potential confounders.
We did not estimate the vaccine's effectiveness against death, symptomatic infections or organ injury because we assessed only patients who have been admitted to ICU.
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first investigation to analyze and report the effectiveness of two different vaccines against the COVID-19 Omicron variant in Saudi Arabia. Nonetheless, this study includes a large and diverse population from various regions in Saudi Arabia. As the majority of all ages had already received their third doses during Omicron dominant period, it was possible to estimate the effectiveness of two and three doses in the study period.
Ireland experiences an outbreak of a severe form of the influenza virus.
The National Disease Surveillance Centre appeals to older people, the sick and other at-risk groups along with healthcare workers to get vaccinated against the flu virus. Indications are that the outbreak could be as bad as three years ago when 51 people died.
Within the past two weeks, the number of cases of the most severe strain of flu, influenza A, has doubled.
Concern over the outbreak has increased following the death of five children in Britain as a result of the virus over the past two months. Despite the serious nature of the virus, Dr Darina O Flanagan of the National Disease Surveillance Centre wants to reassure parents that deaths are very rare and in almost all cases, children make a full recovery. Children who are vulnerable should attend their GP for vaccination.
Influenza symptoms can develop quickly and include a high temperature, sore muscles, and a feeling of weakness.
An RT News report broadcast on 5 November 2003. The reporter is Annette O'Donnell.
est tubes labelled "Bird Flu" and eggs are seen in this picture illustration, January 14, 2023. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo Acquire Licensing Rights
PARIS, Nov 2 (Reuters) - Mexico reported its first outbreak this season of the highly pathogenic H5N1 bird flu on a farm, the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) said on Thursday, just a month after Mexico declared it was free of the disease.
The outbreak detected in the northwestern state of Sonora killed 15,000 of a flock of 90,000 laying hens, and the remaining birds were slaughtered, the Paris-based WOAH said, citing Mexican authorities.
"The first outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 of this season was reported in a poultry production unit in the municipality of Cajeme, Sonora," WOAH said in a report.
It added the subtype of the virus found is H5N1, which is not dangerous to humans through meat or egg consumption.
Mexico's Ministry of Agriculture said in a statement on Wednesday that there was a quarantine in place to prevent the spread.
The ministry also said that the disease had been detected on another farm three kilometers away, which housed 54,000 birds, where disinfection was underway.
Mexico is one of the top 10 largest chicken meat producers in the world, but exports less than 1% of its chicken meat, according to U.S. agency GAIN.
Still, the spread of the highly contagious virus is raising concern among governments and the poultry industry after ravaging flocks worldwide in previous years, disrupting supply, fueling food prices and posing a risk of human transmission.
Russia, South Africa and parts of Eastern Europe have also reported concentrated outbreaks of the virus in recent months.
Mexican animal safety authorities early last month had confirmed the first case of H5N1 avian influenza in a wild bird after declaring the country's poultry farms free of the virus earlier in the day.
It comes after Mexico last year launched a large bird vaccination campaign in high-risk areas, including Sonora, to prevent the spread of H5N1.
Another statement from the Agricultural Ministry last week first announcing the detection of the virus said tests were underway to see if "the vaccine applied last year is effective in confronting the virus that entered in 2023."
A fresh vaccination strategy could begin in the first days of this month, it added.
Mexico's animal safety agency Senascia has urged local farmers to reinforce biosecurity measures on their farms and to immediately notify of any anomaly observed in their animals in order to protect the national poultry production, WOAH added.
Reporting by Sybille de La Hamaide in Paris; Additional reporting by Isabel Woodford in Mexico City; Editing by Alison Williams and David Evans
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
Pathologists are at the center of helping to diagnose diseases such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza and COVID.
These diseases may be off the front pages nowbut they're very much still with us, said Donald Karcher, MD, president of the College of American Pathologists.
At this articles deadline, COVID-19 test positivity stood at 9.5%, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
That's down a bit, but still high, said Dr. Karcher, professor of pathology at George Washington University. Hospitalizations have also declined but are still lingering at over 16,000 a week.
At a College of American Pathologists media briefing in October, Dr. Karcher joined two other pathologists to discuss test positivity in COVID-19 and other winter viruses, and how patients should approach tests and vaccines.
In a Leadership Viewpoints column, AMA President Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, MD, MPH, outlines the new prevention tools, including vaccines and monoclonal antibodies, that are available this respiratory virus season.
Expressing concerns about the potential for COVID-19 rates this winter, Dr. Karcher asked the panelists about trends in their own communities.
Leilani Valdes, MD, medical director at Regional Pathology Associates and chair of pathology and laboratory medicine at Citizens Medical Center in Victoria, Texas, saw a slight increase in COVID-19 cases over the summer.
This was a bit surprising, given some experts predictions that COVID-19 would become more seasonal, said Dr. Valdes.
We worry that we're going to see an increase once we do get into that cold and flu season again, she said. Monitoring positive COVID-19 tests gives her infection-control team an idea of how much virus is circulating in the community.
We want to be ready when it does increase for those patients to come in and be treated in our hospital, she added.
In an episode of the "PermanenteDocsChat" podcast, you can hear from physician experts on strategies to address vaccine hesitancy with patients and updates on current COVID-19 variants, flu and RSV vaccines. Listen now on Apple Podcastsor Simplecast.
At-home versus PCR
The federal government has reinstated its policy to provide four at-home COVID tests to each U.S. household at no charge.
At-home tests are a useful way for individuals to identify a current infection and take the precautions necessary to keep it from spreading, said Dr. Valdes. The patients who use them arent medical technologists or pathologists with years of training, however.
For that reason, its really important when you do these at-home tests that you really pay attention to the instructions, she urged. Users need to look at all the steps the test asks them to do to ensure an accurate result.
While they can be easy to use and provide quick answers, the at-home tests have limitations, said Diana Cardona, MD, associate professor of pathology at Duke University School of Medicine.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, which look at the genetic material of the virus, are the most sensitive, meaning they are most likely to detect the virus if a person has it, she said.
At-home tests arent as good as detecting this material, which means someone could get a false negative result.
When to visit the doctor
For all the viruses that cause the common cold, COVID-19 or the flu, basic symptoms present with runny nose, sore throat, cough, congestion and possibly some fatigue.
As symptoms progress, the source of the illness may become clearer. Difficulty breathing or losing sense of smell or taste are signs it may be COVID as opposed to flu, RSV or a cold, said Dr. Cardona.
If you have any suspicion that maybe you actually do have COVID-19 and your home test was negative, go into a clinic and get a PCR test just to make sure, advised Dr. Cardona.
The Food and Drug Administration published a list on its website that extends expiration dates for some of the at-home test kits. If a kit is not on the list and is expired, people should either throw it away or approach the results with caution, said Dr. Cardona.
Stay updated with the AMA COVID-19 resource center for physicians.
It is that season again where the yearly vaccinations are being administered. During the cold months, it is expected that there will be an increase in illnesses all around the United States, and especially in populated areas such as college campuses. Each year it is recommended that during these times vaccinations for preventable illnesses like the flu vaccination should be administered.
During an interview with Dr. Christian Wightman, SUNY Geneseos Medical Director at Lauderdale, advised: I think there are two practical reasons to get vaccinated. One is to reduce your chance of dying. That's a good thing to do, right? The truth is the chance of dying for most, otherwise healthy adults, is small. Flu and COVID, for otherwise healthy adults, kills a small number of people. But not zero, right? And we know we reduce your chance by getting the shot so that's a good reason to do it.
Dr. Wightman continued: A more compelling reason is that from Thanksgiving through New Year is the least [convenient] time that we want to be sick because we're all incredibly busy. We're around family, we're all doing those things we want to do. So, being protected from predictably contagious illnesses during that time is a good idea.
Dr. Wightman continues to talk about the goal that vaccination has been given at specific times during the year, most notably around October: [It] more or less takes a couple of weeks, right, which is why it takes us a couple of weeks to get over a cold right because everybody has to get an immune system built up and then we're able to fight that off. So you get whatever vaccine you're getting, and then in a couple of weeks, those antibodies build up, and then they kind of plateau and hang around for a few months, and then if we're not exposed again, they drop off. It is far better to get this done earlier in the season, because then your period of protection corresponds with the time when the most virus was circulating. Its so challenging, because we can't always predict exactly when the seasons going to bethe flu shot [and] the COVID shot are made against particular strains that we predict will be circulating when the worst of the season is.
Vaccinations have become highlighted politically, specifically since the recent COVID vaccination. Flu shots, however, are a more studied vaccination in comparison to some others. In response to why people may be conflicted about the effects of the flu virus vaccination, Dr. Wightman stated: Despite what many people claim, you can't get the flu from getting a flu shot. You can't get COVID from getting the COVID shot. We give these medicines as those seasons are coming on. So there's always a small amount of that virus circulating. So undoubtedly, they are people who get their vaccine and get infected with the virus on the same day. Just statistically, it's really uncommon, but in a country of 300 million people, it's going to happen once in a while.
Since the 1918 flu pandemic that made its vengeance all the way around the world, killing over 550,000 people, there have been many different outbreaks and vaccinations that have become what we know and receive today. Some of the first major strides in vaccination studies were in the Mayo Clinic between the years 1930-1940, as stated on the Mayo Clinics website. Originally, the flu vaccination was used in the military; eventually, in 1945, it was made available to all people.
Throughout the years there have been many different variations of the vaccinations that have been used to treat the everchanging virus. In 2009 another outbreak happened with the H1N1 outbreak, killing 12,400 people in the United States. Vaccinations are of vital importancethey can save lives of people who are not able to withstand viruses as they pass from person to person.
Thumbnail Photo courtesy of WikiMedia Commons
